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  • 1 cado

    cădo, cĕcĭdi, cāsum, 3 ( part. pres. gen. plur. cadentūm, Verg. A. 10, 674; 12, 410), v. n. [cf. Sanscr. çad-, to fall away].
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In an extended sense, to be driven or carried by one ' s weight from a higher to a lower point, to fall down, be precipitated, sink down, go down, sink, fall (so mostly poet.; in prose, in place of it, the compounds decĭdo, occĭdo, excĭdo, etc.; cf. also ruo, labor;

    opp. surgo, sto): tum arbores in te cadent,

    Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 25: (aves) praecipites cadunt in terram aut in aquam, fall headlong to the earth or into the water, Lucr. 6, 745; cf. id. 6, 828;

    imitated by Verg.: (apes) praecipites cadunt,

    Verg. G. 4, 80:

    nimbus, Ut picis e caelo demissum flumen, in undas Sic cadit, etc.,

    Lucr. 6, 258:

    cadit in terras vis flammea,

    id. 2, 215; so with in, id. 2, 209; 4, 1282; 6, 1006; 6, 1125; Prop. 4 (5), 4, 64:

    in patrios pedes,

    Ov. F. 2, 832.—With a different meaning:

    omnes plerumque cadunt in vulnus,

    in the direction of, towards their wound, Lucr. 4, 1049; cf.:

    prolapsa in vulnus moribunda cecidit,

    Liv. 1, 58, 11:

    cadit in vultus,

    Ov. M. 5, 292:

    in pectus,

    id. ib. 4, 579.—Less freq. with ad:

    ad terras,

    Plin. 2, 97, 99, § 216:

    ad terram,

    Quint. 5, 10, 84.—The place from which is designated by ab, ex, de:

    a summo cadere,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 15:

    a mento cadit manus,

    Ov. F. 3, 20:

    aves ab alto,

    Plin. 10, 38, 54, § 112:

    ut cadat (avis) e regione loci,

    Lucr. 6, 824:

    ex arbore,

    Plin. 17, 20, 34, § 148; Dig. 50, 16, 30, § 4; 18, 1, 80, § 2:

    cecidisse de equo dicitur,

    Cic. Clu. 62, 175:

    cadere de equo,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 125 (for which Cæsar, Nepos, and Pliny employ decidere):

    de manibus arma cecidissent,

    Cic. Phil. 14, 7, 21; cf.:

    de manibus civium delapsa arma ipsa ceciderunt,

    id. Off. 1, 22, 77:

    cadunt altis de montibus umbrae,

    Verg. E. 1, 84:

    de caelo,

    Lucr. 5, 791; Ov. M. 2, 322:

    de matre (i. e. nasci),

    Claud. in Rufin. 1, 92.—With per:

    per inane profundum,

    Lucr. 2, 222:

    per aquas,

    id. 2, 230:

    per salebras altaque saxa,

    Mart. 11, 91; cf.:

    imbre per indignas usque cadente genas,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 18.—With the adverb altius: altius atque cadant summotis nubibus imbres, and poured forth from a greater height, etc., Verg. E. 6, 38.—And absol.:

    folia nunc cadunt,

    Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 24; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 12; Lucr. 6, 297:

    ut pluere in multis regionibus et cadere imbres,

    id. 6, 415:

    cadens nix,

    id. 3, 21; 3, 402:

    velut si prolapsus cecidisset,

    Liv. 1, 56, 12: quaeque ita concus [p. 259] sa est, ut jam casura putetur, Ov. P. 2, 3, 59:

    cadentem Sustinuisse,

    id. M. 8, 148:

    saepius, of epileptics,

    Plin. Val. 12, 58:

    casuri, si leviter excutiantur, flosculi,

    Quint. 12, 10, 73.—
    2.
    Esp.
    a.
    Of heavenly bodies, to decline, set (opp. orior), Ov. F. 1, 295:

    oceani finem juxta solemque cadentem,

    Verg. A. 4, 480; 8, 59; Tac. G. 45:

    soli subjecta cadenti arva,

    Avien. Descr. Orb. 273; cf. Tac. Agr. 12:

    quā (nocte) tristis Orion cadit,

    Hor. Epod. 10, 10:

    Arcturus cadens,

    id. C. 3, 1, 27.—
    b.
    To separate from something by falling, to fall off or away, fall out, to drop off, be shed, etc.:

    nam tum dentes mihi cadebant primulum,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 57:

    dentes cadere imperat aetas,

    Lucr. 5, 671; Sen. Ep. 12, 3; 83, 3:

    pueri qui primus ceciderit dens,

    Plin. 28, 4, 9, § 41:

    barba,

    Verg. E. 1, 29:

    quam multa in silvis autumni frigore primo Lapsa cadunt folia,

    id. A. 6, 310; cf. Cat. 11, 22; Hor. A. P. 61:

    lanigeris gregibus Sponte suā lanae cadunt,

    Ov. M. 7, 541:

    saetae,

    id. ib. 14, 303:

    quadrupedibus pilum cadere,

    Plin. 11, 39, 94, § 231:

    poma,

    Ov. M. 7, 586:

    cecidere manu quas legerat, herbae,

    id. ib. 14, 350:

    elapsae manibus cecidere tabellae,

    id. ib. 9, 571:

    et colus et fusus digitis cecidere remissis,

    id. ib. 4, 229.—
    c.
    Of a stream, to fall, empty itself:

    amnis Aretho cadit in sinum maris,

    Liv. 38, 4, 3; 38, 13, 6; 44, 31, 4:

    flumina in pontum cadent,

    Sen. Med. 406:

    flumina in Hebrum cadentia,

    Plin. 4, 11, 18, § 50:

    tandem in alterum amnem cadit,

    Curt. 6, 4, 6.—
    d.
    Of dice, to be thrown or cast; to turn up:

    illud, quod cecidit forte,

    Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 23 sq.; Liv. 2, 12, 16.—
    e.
    Alicui (alicujus) ad pedes, to fall at one ' s feet in supplication, etc. (post-class. for abicio, proicio), Sen. Contr. 1, 1, 19; Eutr. 4, 7; Aug. Serm. 143, 4; Vulg. Joan. 11, 32 al.—
    f.
    Super collum allcujus, to embrace (late Lat.), Vulg. Luc. 15, 20.—
    B.
    In a more restricted sense.
    1.
    To fall, to fall down, drop, fall to, be precipitated, etc.; to sink down, to sink, settle (the usual class. signif. in prose and poetry):

    cadere in plano,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 17 sq.:

    deorsum,

    Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 89:

    uspiam,

    Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 12:

    Brutus, velut si prolapsus cecidisset,

    Liv. 1, 56, 12; cf. id. 5, 21, 16; 1, 58, 12:

    dum timent, ne aliquando cadant, semper jacent,

    Quint. 8, 5, 32:

    sinistrā manu sinum ad ima crura deduxit (Caesar), quo honestius caderet,

    Suet. Caes. 82:

    cadere supinus,

    id. Aug. 43 fin.:

    in pectus pronus,

    Ov. M. 4, 579:

    cadunt toti montes,

    Lucr. 6, 546:

    radicitus exturbata (pinus) prona cadit,

    Cat. 64, 109:

    concussae cadunt urbes,

    Lucr. 5, 1236:

    casura moenia Troum,

    Ov. M. 13, 375; id. H. 13, 71:

    multaque praeterea ceciderunt moenia magnis motibus in terris,

    Lucr. 6, 588: languescunt omnia membra;

    bracchia palpebraeque cadunt,

    their arms and eyelids fall, id. 4, 953; 3, 596; so,

    ceciderunt artus,

    id. 3, 453:

    sed tibi tamen oculi, voltus, verba cecidissent,

    Cic. Dom. 52, 133; cf.:

    oculos vigiliā fatigatos cadentesque in opere detineo,

    Sen. Ep. 8, 1:

    patriae cecidere manus,

    Verg. A. 6, 33:

    cur facunda parum decoro Inter verba cadit lingua silentio?

    Hor. C. 4, 1, 36:

    cecidere illis animique manusque,

    Ov. M. 7, 347; Val. Fl. 1, 300; cf. II. F. infra.—
    2.
    In a pregn. signif. (as in most langg., to fall in battle, to die), to fall so as to be unable to rise, to fall dead, to fall, die (opp. vivere), Prop. 2 (3), 28, 42 (usu. of those who die in battle;

    hence most freq. in the histt.): hostes crebri cadunt,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 79 sq.:

    aut in acie cadendum fuit aut in aliquas insidias incidendum,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 3; Curt. 4, 1, 28; Ov. M. 7, 142:

    ut cum dignitate potius cadamus quam cum ignominiā serviamus,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 14, 35:

    pauci de nostris cadunt,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 15; id. B. C. 3, 53:

    optimus quisque cadere aut sauciari,

    Sall. J. 92, 8; so id. C. 60, 6; id. J. 54, 10; Nep. Paus. 1, 2; id. Thras. 2, 7; id. Dat. 1, 2; 6, 1; 8, 3; Liv. 10, 35, 15 and 19; 21, 7, 10; 23, 21, 7; 29, 14, 8; Tac. G. 33; Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 27; Ov. M. 7, 142:

    per acies,

    Tac. A. 1, 2:

    pro patriā,

    Quint. 2, 15, 29:

    ante diem,

    Verg. A. 4, 620:

    bipenni,

    Ov. M. 12, 611:

    ense,

    Val. Fl. 1, 812.—Not in battle:

    inque pio cadit officio,

    Ov. M. 6, 250.—With abl. of means or instrument:

    suoque Marte (i. e. suā manu) cadunt,

    Ov. M. 3, 123; cf. Tac. A. 3, 42 fin.:

    suā manu cecidit,

    fell by his own hand, id. ib. 15, 71:

    exitu voluntario,

    id. H. 1, 40:

    muliebri fraude cadere,

    id. A. 2, 71: cecidere justā Morte Centauri, cecidit tremendae Flamma Chimaerae, Hor. C. 4, 2, 14 sq.:

    manu femineā,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 1179:

    femineo Marte,

    Ov. M. 12, 610.—With abl. of agent with ab:

    torqueor, infesto ne vir ab hoste cadat,

    should be slain by, Ov. H. 9, 36; so id. M. 5, 192; Suet. Oth. 5:

    a centurione volneribus adversis tamquam in pugnā,

    Tac. A. 16, 9.—And without ab:

    barbarae postquam cecidere turmae Thessalo victore,

    Hor. C. 2, 4, 9; imitated by Claudian, IV. Cons. Hon. 89; Grat. Cyn. 315.—
    b.
    Of victims, to be slain or offered, to be sacrificed, to fall ( poet.):

    multa tibi ante aras nostrā cadet hostia dextrā,

    Verg. A. 1, 334:

    si tener pleno cadit haedus anno,

    Hor. C. 3, 18, 5; Tib. 1, 1, 23; 4, 1, 15; Ov. M. 7, 162; 13, 615; id. F. 4, 653.—
    3.
    In mal. part., = succumbo, to yield to, Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 104; Tib. 4, 10, 2; Sen. Contr. 1, 3, 7.—
    4.
    Matre cadens, just born ( poet.), Val. Fl. 1, 355; cf. of the custom of laying the new-born child at the father's feet: tellure cadens. Stat. S. 1, 2, 209; 5, 5, 69.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To come or fall under, to fall, to be subject or exposed to something (more rare than its compound incidere, but class.); constr. usually with sub or in, sometimes with ad:

    sub sensus cadere nostros,

    i. e. to be perceived by the senses, Lucr. 1, 448:

    sub sensum,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 30, 48: in cernendi sensum. id. Tim. 3:

    sub oculos,

    id. Or. 3, 9:

    in conspectum,

    to become visible, id. Tusc. 1, 22, 50:

    sub aurium mensuram,

    id. Or. 20, 67:

    sponte suā (genus humanum) cecidit sub leges artaque jura,

    subjected itself to law and the force of right, Lucr. 5, 1146; so id. 3, 848:

    ad servitia,

    Liv. 1, 40, 3:

    utrorum ad regna,

    Lucr. 3, 836; so,

    sub imperium dicionemque Romanorum,

    Cic. Font. 5, 12 (1, 2):

    in potestatem unius,

    id. Att. 8, 3, 2:

    in cogitationem,

    to suggest itself to the thoughts, id. N. D. 1, 9, 21:

    in hominum disceptationem,

    id. de Or. 2, 2, 5:

    in deliberationem,

    id. Off. 1, 3, 9:

    in offensionem alicujus,

    id. N. D. 1, 30, 85:

    in morbum,

    id. Tusc. 1, 32, 79:

    in suspitionem alicujus,

    Nep. Paus. 2, 6:

    in calumniam,

    Quint. 9, 4, 57:

    abrupte cadere in narrationem,

    id. 4, 1, 79:

    in peccatum,

    Aug. in Psa. 65, 13.—
    B.
    In gen.: in or sub aliquem or aliquid, to belong to any object, to be in accordance with, agree with, refer to, be suitable to, to fit, suit, become (so esp. freq. in philos. and rhet. lang.):

    non cadit in hos mores, non in hunc pudorem, non in hanc vitam, non in hunc hominem ista suspitio,

    Cic. Sull. 27, 75:

    cadit ergo in bonum virum mentiri, emolumenti sui causā?

    id. Off. 3, 20, 81; so id. Cael. 29, 69; id. Har. Resp. 26, 56:

    haec Academica... in personas non cadebant,

    id. Att. 13, 19, 5:

    qui pedes in orationem non cadere quī possunt?

    id. Or. 56, 188:

    neque in unam formam cadunt omnia,

    id. ib. 11, 37; 57, 191; 27, 95; id. de Or. 3, 47, 182; Quint. 3, 7, 6; 4, 2, 37; 4, 2, 93; 6, prooem. § 5; 7, 2, 30 and 31; Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 82:

    heu, cadit in quemquam tantum scelus?

    Verg. E. 9, 17; Cic. Or. 27, 95; 11, 37; Quint. 3, 5, 16; 3, 6, 91; 5, 10, 30; 6, 3, 52; 7, 2, 31; 9, 1, 7;

    9, 3, 92: hoc quoque in rerum naturam cadit, ut, etc.,

    id. 2, 17, 32:

    in iis rebus, quae sub eandem rationem cadunt,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 30, 47; Quint. 8, 3, 56.—
    C.
    To fall upon a definite time (rare):

    considera, ne in alienissimum tempus cadat adventus tuus,

    Cic. Fam. 15, 14, 4:

    in id saeculum Romuli cecidit aetas, cum, etc.,

    id. Rep. 2, 10, 18.—Hence, in mercantile lang., of payments, to fall due: in eam diem cadere ( were due) nummos, qui a Quinto debentur, Cic. Att. 15, 20, 4.—
    D.
    (Acc. to I. 1. e.) Alicui, to fall to one (as by lot), fall to one ' s lot, happen to one, befall; and absol. (for accidere), to happen, come to pass, occur, result, turn out, fall out (esp. in an unexpected manner; cf. accido; very freq. in prose and poetry).
    1.
    Alicui:

    nihil ipsis jure incommodi cadere possit,

    Cic. Quint. 16, 51:

    hoc cecidit mihi peropportune, quod, etc.,

    id. de Or. 2, 4, 15; id. Att. 3, 1:

    insperanti mihi, cecidit, ut, etc.,

    id. de Or. 1, 21, 96; id. Att. 8, 3, 6; id. Mil. 30, 81:

    mihi omnia semper honesta et jucunda ceciderunt,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 1:

    sunt, quibus ad portas cecidit custodia sorti,

    Verg. G. 4, 165:

    haec aliis maledicta cadant,

    Tib. 1, 6, 85:

    neu tibi pro vano verba benigna cadunt,

    Prop. 1, 10, 24:

    ut illis... voluptas cadat dura inter saepe pericla,

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 40: verba cadentia, uttered at random, id. Ep. 1, 18, 12.—
    2.
    Ab sol., Afran. ap. Charis. p. 195 P.;

    Cic. Leg.2, 13, 33: verebar quorsum id casurum esset,

    how it would turn out, id. Att. 3, 24:

    aliorsum vota ceciderunt,

    Flor. 2, 4, 5:

    cum aliter res cecidisset ac putasses,

    had turned out differently from what was expected, Cic. Fam. 5, 19, 1:

    sane ita cadebat ut vellem,

    id. Att. 3, 7, 1; id. Div. 2, 52, 107; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 3; Cic. Verr. 1, 2, 5; Caes. B. C. 3, 73, Nep. Milt. 2, 5 Dähne:

    cum, quae tum maxime acciderant, casura praemonens, a furioso incepto eos deterreret,

    Liv. 36, 34, 3; 22, 40, 3; 35, 13, 9; 38, 46, 6; Plin. Pan. 31, 1; Tac. A. 2, 80; 6, 8; Suet. Tib. 14 al.; Verg. A. 2, 709:

    ut omnia fortiter fiant, feliciter cadant,

    Sen. Suas. 2, p. 14:

    multa. fortuito in melius casura,

    Tac. A. 2, 77.—With adj.:

    si non omnia caderent secunda,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 73:

    vota cadunt, i.e. rata sunt,

    are fulfilled, realized, Tib. 2, 2, 17 (diff. from Prop. 1, 17, 4; v. under F.).—
    3.
    With in and acc.: nimia illa libertas et populis et privatis in nimiam servitutem cadit (cf. metaballei), Cic. Rep. 1, 44, 68.—Esp.: in (ad) irritum or cassum, to be frustrated, fail, be or remain fruitless:

    omnia in cassum cadunt,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 147; Lucr. 2, 1166:

    ad irritum cadens spes,

    Liv. 2, 6, 1; so Tac. H. 3, 26:

    in irritum,

    id. A. 15, 39; cf. with irritus, adj.:

    ut irrita promissa ejus caderent,

    Liv. 2, 31, 5:

    haud irritae cecidere minae,

    id. 6, 35, 10.—
    E.
    To fall, to become less (in strength, power, worth, etc.), to decrease, diminish, lessen:

    cadunt vires,

    Lucr. 5, 410:

    mercenarii milites pretia militiae casura in pace aegre ferebant,

    Liv. 34, 36, 7.—More freq. in an extended signif. (acc. to I. B. 2.),
    F. 1.
    In gen.: pellis item cecidit, vestis contempta ferina. declined in value, Lucr. 5, 1417:

    turpius est enim privatim cadere (i. e. fortunis everti) quam publice,

    Cic. Att. 16, 15, 6; so id. Fam. 6, 10, 2:

    atque ea quidem tua laus pariter cum re publicā cecidit,

    id. Off. 2, 13, 45:

    tanta civitas, si cadet,

    id. Har. Resp. 20, 42:

    huc cecidisse Germanici exercitus gloriam, ut, etc.,

    Tac. H. 3, 13:

    non tibi ingredienti fines ira cecidit?

    Liv. 2, 40, 7; Pers. 5, 91:

    amicitia nec debilitari animos aut cadere patitur,

    Cic. Lael. 7, 23:

    animus,

    to fail, Liv. 1, 11, 3; Ov. M. 11, 537; cf. id. ib. 7, 347:

    non debemus ita cadere animis, etc.,

    to lose courage, be disheartened, Cic. Fam. 6, 1, 4:

    tam graviter,

    id. Off. 1, 21, 73; cf. Sen. Ep. 8, 3.—Esp., to fail in speaking:

    magnus orator est... minimeque in lubrico versabitur, et si semel constiterit numquam cadet,

    Cic. Or. 28, 98:

    alte enim cadere non potest,

    id. ib. —So in the lang. of the jurists, causā or formulā, to lose one ' s cause or suit:

    causā cadere,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 19, 57; so id. de Or. 1, 36, 166 sq.; id. Fam. 7, 14, 1; Quint. 7, 3, 17; Luc. 2, 554; Suet. Calig. 39:

    formulā cadere,

    Sen. Ep. 48, 10; Quint. 3, 6, 69.—With in:

    ita quemquam cadere in judicio, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Mur. 28, 58.—Also absol.:

    cadere,

    Tac. H. 4, 6; and:

    criminibus repetundarum,

    id. ib. 1, 77:

    conjurationis crimine,

    id. A. 6, 14:

    ut cecidit Fortuna Phrygum,

    Ov. M. 13, 435:

    omniaque ingrato litore vota cadunt, i. e. irrita sunt,

    remain unfulfilled, unaccomplished, Prop. 1, 17, 4 (diff. from Tib. 2, 2, 17; v. above, D. 2.); cf.:

    at mea nocturno verba cadunt zephyro,

    Prop. 1, 16, 34:

    multa renascentur, quae jam cecidere, cadentque Quae nunc sunt in honore vocabula,

    to fall into disuse, grow out of date, Hor. A. P. 70 —Hence of theatrical representations, to fall through, to fail, be condemned (opp. stare, to win applause;

    the fig. derived from combatants): securus cadat an recto stet fabula talo,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 176.— Impers.. periculum est, ne cadatur, Aug. Don. Persev. 1.—
    2.
    Esp. of the wind (opp. surgo), to abate, subside, die away, etc.:

    cadit Eurus et umida surgunt Nubila,

    Ov. M. 8, 2:

    ventus premente nebulā cecidit,

    Liv. 29, 27, 10:

    cadente jam Euro,

    id. 25, 27, 11:

    venti vis omnis cecidit,

    id. 26, 39, 8:

    ubi primum aquilones ceciderunt,

    id. 36, 43, 11; cf.:

    sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor,

    Verg. A. 1, 154:

    ventosi ceciderunt murmuris aurae,

    id. E. 9, 58; id. G. 1, 354 Serv. and Wagn.—
    G.
    Rhet. and gram. t. t. of words, syllables, clauses, etc., to be terminated, end, close:

    verba melius in syllabas longiores cadunt,

    Cic. Or. 57, 194; 67, 223: qua (littera [p. 260] sc. m) nullum Graece verbum cadit, Quint. 12, 10, 31:

    plerique censent cadere tantum numerose oportere terminarique sententiam,

    Cic. Or. 59, 199; so id. Brut. 8, 34:

    apto cadens oratio,

    Quint. 9, 4, 32:

    numerus opportune cadens,

    id. 9, 4, 27:

    ultima syllaba in gravem vel duas graves cadit semper,

    id. 12, 10, 33 Spald.: similiter cadentia = omoioptôta, the ending of words with the same cases or verbal forms, diff. from similiter desinentia = omoioteleuta, similar endings of any kind, Cic. de Or. 3, 54, 206; id. Or. 34, 135; Auct. Her. 4, 20, 28; Quint. 9, 4, 42; cf. id. 9, 4, 18; 9, 3, 78; 9, 3, 79; 1, 7, 23; Aquil. Rom. Figur. §§ 25 and 26.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > cado

  • 2 obcurro

    oc-curro ( obc-), curri, rarely cucurri (Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 88; Phaedr. 3, 7, 2), cursum, 3 (archaic perf. occecurri, like memordi, peposci, Aelius Tubero ap. Gell. 7, 9, 11), v. n., to run up to, run to meet; to go or come up to, to go or come to meet, to meet (class.; syn. obvenio).
    I.
    Lit.
    1.
    In gen.:

    ilico Occucurri atque interpello,

    Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 88:

    Caesari venienti,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 79:

    obviam alicui,

    to go to meet, Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 30:

    amicis,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 135; Suet. Calig. 4.— Impers.:

    occurritur (sc. mihi),

    Cic. Att. 2, 22, 3.—
    2.
    In partic., to go against, rush upon, attack an enemy:

    duabus Fabianis legionibus occurrit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 40:

    armatis,

    id. ib. 2, 27:

    telis occurrere,

    Verg. A. 11, 808:

    obvius adversoque occurrit,

    id. ib. 10, 734.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    To come to, meet, fall in with any thing:

    quibuscumque signis occurrerat, se aggregabat,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 26:

    tot vatibus,

    Juv. 1, 18.—
    2.
    To go or come to any place.
    (α).
    With dat.:

    concilio,

    Liv. 31, 29. —
    (β).
    With ad:

    legati ad id concilium occurrerunt,

    Liv. 31, 29.—
    (γ).
    With in and acc.:

    in aliam civitatem occurrere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 27, § 67.—
    3.
    Of situation.
    (α).
    To stand or lie opposite to:

    apud Elegiam occurrit ei (Euphrati) Taurus mons,

    Plin. 5, 24, 20, § 84.—
    (β).
    To lie in the way of, meet as an obstacle:

    in asperis locis silex saepe impenetrabilis ferro occurrebat,

    Liv. 36, 25, 4.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To obviate or seek to obviate, to meet, resist, oppose, counteract:

    omnibus ejus consiliis occurri atque obstiti,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 7, 16:

    illi rationi,

    id. Fat. 18, 41: malevolentiae hominum, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 11, 2.—
    2.
    To cure or attempt to cure; to relieve, remedy:

    venienti occurrite morbo,

    Pers. 3, 64:

    exspectationi,

    Cic. Clu. 23, 63:

    rei sapientiā occurrere,

    id. Fam. 4, 5, 6; Nep. Pelop. 1, 1.—
    B.
    To meet with words, i. e. to answer, reply, object:

    ut si dicenti, Quem video? ita occurras, ego,

    Quint. 1, 5, 36:

    Venus,

    Val. Fl. 7, 222.— Impers. pass.:

    occurretur enim, sicut occursum est,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 14, 44: occurritur autem nobis, et quidem a doctis et [p. 1253] eruditis, etc., id. Off. 2, 2, 6.—
    C.
    To offer or present itself, suggest itself, appear, occur:

    tu occurrebas dignus eo munere,

    Cic. Sen. 1, 2:

    nec tamen mihi quicquam occurrit cur, etc.,

    id. Tusc. 1, 21, 49; 1, 22, 51:

    Atheniensium classis demersae et exercitus deleti occurrebant,

    Liv. 25, 24, 12; cf.:

    ea cum universa occurrerent animo,

    id. 25, 24, 12, § 14:

    oculis ejus tot paludes occurrerent,

    Col. 2, 2:

    oras ad Eurum sequentibus nihil memorabile occurrit,

    Mel. 3, 9, 3:

    animo,

    presents itself to his mind, occurs to him, Cic. de Or. 2, 24, 104; cf.:

    ea quae occurrant,

    id. ib. 2, 54, 221:

    una defensio occurrit, quod muneribus tuis obniti non debui,

    Tac. A. 14, 53:

    cogitationi, quonam modo, etc.,

    Plin. 29, 1, 1, § 2:

    neque vos paeon, aut herous ille conturbet: ipsi occurrent orationi,

    will present themselves, Cic. de Or. 3, 49, 191:

    haec tenenda sunt oratori: saepe enim occurrunt,

    often occur, id. Or. 32, 115:

    quodcumque in mentem veniat, aut quodcumque occurrat,

    id. Fin. 4, 17, 47:

    ne quid honestum occurreret,

    Tac. Agr. 2.— With inf.:

    occurrit et aliqua dicere de magicis (herbis),

    it seems proper, Plin. 24, 17, 99, § 156.—
    D.
    To reach, attain (eccl. Lat.):

    donec occurramus in unitatem fidei,

    Vulg. Eph. 4, 13:

    si quo modo occurram ad resurrectionem,

    id. Phil. 3, 11.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > obcurro

  • 3 occurro

    oc-curro ( obc-), curri, rarely cucurri (Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 88; Phaedr. 3, 7, 2), cursum, 3 (archaic perf. occecurri, like memordi, peposci, Aelius Tubero ap. Gell. 7, 9, 11), v. n., to run up to, run to meet; to go or come up to, to go or come to meet, to meet (class.; syn. obvenio).
    I.
    Lit.
    1.
    In gen.:

    ilico Occucurri atque interpello,

    Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 88:

    Caesari venienti,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 79:

    obviam alicui,

    to go to meet, Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 30:

    amicis,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 135; Suet. Calig. 4.— Impers.:

    occurritur (sc. mihi),

    Cic. Att. 2, 22, 3.—
    2.
    In partic., to go against, rush upon, attack an enemy:

    duabus Fabianis legionibus occurrit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 40:

    armatis,

    id. ib. 2, 27:

    telis occurrere,

    Verg. A. 11, 808:

    obvius adversoque occurrit,

    id. ib. 10, 734.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    To come to, meet, fall in with any thing:

    quibuscumque signis occurrerat, se aggregabat,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 26:

    tot vatibus,

    Juv. 1, 18.—
    2.
    To go or come to any place.
    (α).
    With dat.:

    concilio,

    Liv. 31, 29. —
    (β).
    With ad:

    legati ad id concilium occurrerunt,

    Liv. 31, 29.—
    (γ).
    With in and acc.:

    in aliam civitatem occurrere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 27, § 67.—
    3.
    Of situation.
    (α).
    To stand or lie opposite to:

    apud Elegiam occurrit ei (Euphrati) Taurus mons,

    Plin. 5, 24, 20, § 84.—
    (β).
    To lie in the way of, meet as an obstacle:

    in asperis locis silex saepe impenetrabilis ferro occurrebat,

    Liv. 36, 25, 4.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To obviate or seek to obviate, to meet, resist, oppose, counteract:

    omnibus ejus consiliis occurri atque obstiti,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 7, 16:

    illi rationi,

    id. Fat. 18, 41: malevolentiae hominum, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 11, 2.—
    2.
    To cure or attempt to cure; to relieve, remedy:

    venienti occurrite morbo,

    Pers. 3, 64:

    exspectationi,

    Cic. Clu. 23, 63:

    rei sapientiā occurrere,

    id. Fam. 4, 5, 6; Nep. Pelop. 1, 1.—
    B.
    To meet with words, i. e. to answer, reply, object:

    ut si dicenti, Quem video? ita occurras, ego,

    Quint. 1, 5, 36:

    Venus,

    Val. Fl. 7, 222.— Impers. pass.:

    occurretur enim, sicut occursum est,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 14, 44: occurritur autem nobis, et quidem a doctis et [p. 1253] eruditis, etc., id. Off. 2, 2, 6.—
    C.
    To offer or present itself, suggest itself, appear, occur:

    tu occurrebas dignus eo munere,

    Cic. Sen. 1, 2:

    nec tamen mihi quicquam occurrit cur, etc.,

    id. Tusc. 1, 21, 49; 1, 22, 51:

    Atheniensium classis demersae et exercitus deleti occurrebant,

    Liv. 25, 24, 12; cf.:

    ea cum universa occurrerent animo,

    id. 25, 24, 12, § 14:

    oculis ejus tot paludes occurrerent,

    Col. 2, 2:

    oras ad Eurum sequentibus nihil memorabile occurrit,

    Mel. 3, 9, 3:

    animo,

    presents itself to his mind, occurs to him, Cic. de Or. 2, 24, 104; cf.:

    ea quae occurrant,

    id. ib. 2, 54, 221:

    una defensio occurrit, quod muneribus tuis obniti non debui,

    Tac. A. 14, 53:

    cogitationi, quonam modo, etc.,

    Plin. 29, 1, 1, § 2:

    neque vos paeon, aut herous ille conturbet: ipsi occurrent orationi,

    will present themselves, Cic. de Or. 3, 49, 191:

    haec tenenda sunt oratori: saepe enim occurrunt,

    often occur, id. Or. 32, 115:

    quodcumque in mentem veniat, aut quodcumque occurrat,

    id. Fin. 4, 17, 47:

    ne quid honestum occurreret,

    Tac. Agr. 2.— With inf.:

    occurrit et aliqua dicere de magicis (herbis),

    it seems proper, Plin. 24, 17, 99, § 156.—
    D.
    To reach, attain (eccl. Lat.):

    donec occurramus in unitatem fidei,

    Vulg. Eph. 4, 13:

    si quo modo occurram ad resurrectionem,

    id. Phil. 3, 11.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > occurro

  • 4 occurrō (obc-)

        occurrō (obc-) currī (cucurrī, Ph.), cursus, ere    [ob+curro], to run up, run to meet, go to meet, meet, fall in with: ad undam, face the foe, V.: dulcis amicis, H.: quibuscumque signis occurrerat, Cs.: huic (concilio), attend, L.: ad id concilium, L.: occurritur (sc. mihi).—To go against, rush upon, attack: duabus legionibus, Cs.: Obvius adversoque occurrit, V.—To lie in the way, meet: in asperis locis silex saepe occurrebat, L.—Fig., to meet, fall into, be involved: graviori bello, Cs. —To obviate, meet, resist, oppose, counteract: eius consiliis: ab nostris occurrebatur, he was resisted, Cs.—To obviate, cure, relieve, remedy: rei sapientiā: utrique rei, N.—To meet, answer, reply, object: huic dictis, V.: occurretur enim, sicut occursum est.—To offer, present itself, suggest itself, appear, occur, be thought of: tu occurrebas dignus eo munere: mihi multo difficilior occurrit cogitatio, qualis, etc.: Atheniensium exercitūs deleti occurrebant, L.: haec tenenda sunt oratori; saepe enim occurrunt, present themselves: ne quid honestum occurreret, Ta.

    Latin-English dictionary > occurrō (obc-)

  • 5 sub-eō

        sub-eō iī    (-īvit, O.; -īvimus, Ta.), itus, īre, to come under, go under, enter: in nemoris latebras, O.: cum luna sub orbem solis subisset, L.: tectum, i. e. enter a house, Cs.: Triviae lucos atque aurea tecta, V.: cavum artum, H.: paludem, i. e. plunge into, O.: aquam, Cu.: si subeuntur prospera castra, Iu.—Poet., with dat: portu Chaonio, V.—To come up, advance, ascend, draw near, approach: subeunt herbae, spring up, V.: in adversos montīs, L.: testudine factā subeunt, press forward, Cs.: subeundum erat ad hostīs, L.: saxa ingerit in subeuntīs, climbing, L.: amne, i. e. sail up, Cu.: mixtum flumini subibat mare, i. e. was against them, Cu.: aciem subeuntium muros adgrediuntur, L.: subimus Inpositum saxis Auxur, H.: Umbra subit terras, comes over, O.: Fadumque Herbesumque, i. e. attack, V.—Poet., with dat: muro subibant, V.—To go under, support, take up, submit to: pars ingenti subiere feretro, i. e. carried on their shoulders, V.: Ipse subibo umeris, i. e. will take you up on, V.: currum dominae subiere leones, were harnessed to, V.: umeris parentem, V.—In order or time, to come under, come after, succeed, follow, take the place of: Pone subit coniunx, V.: subit ipse meumque Explet opus, takes my place, O.: furcas subiere columnae, took the place of, O.: subeuntes alii aliis in custodiam, relieving, L.; cf. subit esse priori Causa recens, O.—To slip under, elude: Aeneae mucronem, V.—To come stealthily, steal on, approach imperceptibly: subeunt morbi tristisque senectus, V.: subit Iumina fessa sopor, O.—Fig., to come upon, overtake: sua deinde paenitentia subiit regem, Cu.—In the mind, to come up, be thought of, enter, occur, suggest itself, recur: omnes sententiae sub acumen stili subeant necesse est: cum subeant audita et cognita nobis, O.: subiit cari genitoris imago... subiit deserta Creusa, V.: Subit, hanc arcana profana Detexisse manu, O.: dein cogitatio animum subiit, indignum esse, etc., L.: mentem subit, quo praemia facto, etc., O.: horum cogitatio subibat exercitum, Cu.—To subject oneself to, take upon oneself, undergo, submit to, sustain, accept, endure, suffer: omnes terrores: quis est non ultro subeundus dolor?: inimicitiae subeantur: maiora Verbera, H.: multitudinis inperitae iudicium esse subeundum: eorum odium: peregrinos ritūs novā subeunte fortunā, Cu.

    Latin-English dictionary > sub-eō

  • 6 succurrō (sub-c-)

        succurrō (sub-c-) currī, cursus, ere,    to run under, run to help, hasten to the aid of, help, aid, assist, succor: laborantibus: adflictis semper, N.: confidere munitionibus oppidi, si celeriter succurratur, Cs.: Paratae lites: succurrendumst, T.—To heal, cure, remedy, relieve: infamiae communi: hic tantis malis haec subsidia succurrebant, quo minus, etc., Cs.: cuius adversae fortunae velit succursum, L.—Fig., to run to meet: licet undique omnes mihi terrores impendeant, succurram atque subibo, will encounter (them).—To come to mind, occur, suggest itself: ut quidque succurrit, libet scribere: non dubito, legentibus illud quoque succursurum, quod, etc., L.: Sed mihi succurrit, numen non esse severum, O.

    Latin-English dictionary > succurrō (sub-c-)

  • 7 occurso

    occurso, āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. n. [occurro], to run, go, or come to meet; to meet (not in Cic.).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    alios occursantes interficere,

    Sall. J. 12, 5:

    occursare capro... caveto,

    beware of meeting, Verg. E. 9, 24:

    fugientibus,

    Tac. A. 3, 20.—

    Of things: occursantes inter se radices,

    Plin. 16, 2, 2, § 6.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To rush against or upon, to attack, charge; to strive against, oppose:

    occursat ocius gladio,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 44:

    inter invidos, occursantes, factiosos,

    opposing, Sall. J. 85, 3:

    fortissimus quisque et promptissimus ad occursandum pugnandumque,

    Gell. 3, 7, 6. —
    2.
    To come to or towards:

    quid tu huc occursas,

    Plaut. Truc. 2, 2, 27.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To be beforehand with, to anticipate:

    fortunae,

    Plin. Pan. 25, 5.—
    B.
    To appear before, present one's self to:

    numinibus,

    Plin. Pan. 81, 1.—
    2.
    Esp., to appear to the mind; to suggest itself, enter the thoughts, occur to one; with or without animo; also with acc. of the person:

    occursant animo scripta,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 5, 7:

    occursant verba,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 2:

    me occursant multae, meminisse hau possum,

    occur to me, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 56.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > occurso

  • 8 subeo

    sŭb-ĕo, ĭi, ĭtum, īre ( perf. subīvit, Ov. F. 1, 314; Stat. S. 2, 1, 155: subivimus, Claud. ap. Tac. A. 11, 24 dub.), v. n. and a., to come or go under any thing; to come or go up to, to approach, draw near, advance or proceed to a place; to come or go on; to follow, succeed; to go down, sink; to come up, spring up (cf. succedo).
    I.
    Neutr.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    In gen.:

    subire sub falas,

    Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 10:

    in nemoris latebras,

    Ov. M. 4, 601; cf.: in aliquem locum, to enter, Auct. B. Alex. 74, 4:

    in adversum Romani subiere,

    Liv. 1, 12, 1:

    in adversos montes,

    id. 41, 18, 11:

    testudine factā subeunt,

    advance, Caes. B. G. 7, 85, 7:

    Albani subiere ad montes,

    Liv. 1, 28, 5:

    subire ad portam castrorum,

    id. 34, 16, 2; cf.:

    ad urbem subeunt,

    id. 31, 45, 4; 39, 27, 10; 36, 19, 1; and:

    subeundum erat ad hostes,

    id. 2, 31, 4:

    ad tecta subibant,

    Verg. A. 8, 359.—With dat.:

    muro subibant,

    Verg. A. 7, 161; so,

    muro,

    id. ib. 9, 371:

    portu Chaonio (with accedere urbem),

    id. ib. 3, 292:

    luco,

    id. ib. 8, 125:

    dumis,

    Sil. 5, 283:

    ingenti feretro,

    Verg. A. 6, 222:

    age cervici inponere nostrae: Ipse subibo umeris,

    id. ib. 2, 708:

    per vices subeunt elephanti,

    Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 23:

    pone subit conjux,

    follows, Verg. A. 2, 725; so Val. Fl. 4, 197; cf.:

    dexterae alae sinistra subiit,

    Liv. 27, 2, 7:

    subeuntis alii aliis in custodiam,

    id. 25, 37, 6; and:

    subiit argentea proles,

    Ov. M. 1, 114:

    subit ipse meumque Explet opus,

    succeeds me, takes my place, id. ib. 3, 648:

    Volscus saxa objacentia pedibus ingerit in subeuntes,

    climbing, Liv. 2, 65, 4:

    vel eodem amne vel Euphrate subire eos posse,

    i. e. sail up stream, Curt. 9, 10, 3; cf.:

    adverso amne Babylona subituros,

    id. 10, 1, 16.—
    b.
    Of things:

    stamen a stando: subtemen, quod subit stamini,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 113 Müll.:

    cum luna sub orbem solis subisset,

    Liv. 37, 4, 4:

    tertio die mixtum flumini subibat mare,

    Curt. 9, 9, 7:

    venae nonnumquam incipiente febre subeunt,

    the pulse sinks, Cels. 3, 6 med.:

    subeunt herbae,

    come up, spring up, Verg. G. 1, 180; so,

    barba,

    i. e. sprouts, grows, Mart. 7, 83, 2:

    subisse aquam in caelum,

    Plin. 31, 3, 21, § 32.—
    2.
    In partic., to come on secretly, to advance or approach stealthily, to steal upon, steal into ( poet.), Prop. 1, 9, 26; Ov. Am. 1, 2, 6; id. A. A. 1, 742.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    In gen., to come in, succeed, take place; to enter stealthily, come secretly or by degrees: in quarum locum subierunt inquilinae impietas, perfidia, impudentia, Varr. ap. Non. 403, 27:

    fugere pudor verumque fidesque: In quorum subiere locum fraudesque dolique,

    Ov. M. 1, 130:

    pulchra subit facies,

    id. ib. 14, 827:

    subit ecce priori Causa recens,

    id. ib. 3, 259:

    an subit (amor) et tacitā callidus arte nocet?

    id. Am. 1, 2, 6: subeunt morbi [p. 1775] tristisque senectus, Verg. G. 3, 67:

    namque graves morbi subeunt segnisque senectus,

    Nemes. Cyn. 117; cf.:

    duo pariter subierunt incommoda,

    arise, come up, Quint. 5, 10, 100:

    ne subeant animo taedia justa tuo,

    Ov. P. 4, 15, 30:

    regio, quā vero ipsa subit ad Medos,

    approaches, Plin. 6, 26, 29, § 115. —
    2.
    In partic., to come into the mind, to occur, suggest itself:

    omnes sententiae verbaque omnia sub acumen stili subeant et succedant necesse est,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 151:

    cum in loca aliqua post tempus reversi sumus, quae in his fecerimus, reminiscimur personaeque subeunt,

    Quint. 11, 2, 17:

    cum subeant audita aut cognita nobis,

    Ov. M. 15, 307:

    subit umbra,

    id. ib. 12, 591:

    subeunt illi fratresque parensque,

    id. ib. 11. 542:

    subiit cari genitoris imago... subiit deserta Creusa Et direpta domus et parvi casus Iuli,

    Verg. A. 2, 560 sq.; Tac. A. 1, 13:

    subeant animo Latmia saxa tuo,

    Ov. H. 18, 62:

    ne subeant animo taedia,

    id. P. 4, 15, 30:

    quantum subire animo sustinueris, tantum tecum auferas,

    to grasp with the mind, Val. Max. 3, 3, ext. 7.—
    (β).
    Subit, with subj. - or rel.-clause ( poet. and in postAug. prose), Ov. M. 2, 755:

    quo magis ac magis admirari subit,

    Plin. 12, prooem. § 2;

    35, 7, 31, § 49: misereri sortis humanae subit,

    id. 25, 3, 7, § 23:

    quid sim, quid fuerimque subit,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 38.
    II.
    Act.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    In gen., to come or go under, to enter; to submit to; to approach, etc.:

    exercitatissimi in armis, qui inter annos XIV. tectum non subissent,

    had not come under a roof, Caes. B. G. 1, 36:

    tecta,

    Quint. 2, 16, 6; Ov. M. 6, 669:

    jam subeunt Triviae lucos atque aurea tecta,

    Verg. A. 6, 13:

    limina victor Alcides subiit,

    id. ib. 8, 363:

    domos,

    Ov. M. 1, 121:

    penates,

    id. ib. 5, 650:

    macra cavum repetes artum, quem macra subisti,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 33:

    cum novies subiere paludem,

    had plunged under, Ov. M. 15, 358; id. F. 1, 314:

    et juncti currum dominae subiere leones,

    Verg. A. 3, 313:

    leones jugum subeant,

    Plin. 10, 45, 62, § 128:

    asellus gravius dorso subiit onus,

    i. e. submits to, receives, Hor. S. 1, 9, 21:

    subire iniquissimum locum,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 27: iniquum locum, Auct. B. Alex. 76, 2; id. B. Hisp. 24, 3:

    collem,

    to go up, mount, climb, scale, Hirt. B. G. 8, 15:

    consules utrimque aciem subeuntium jam muros adgrediuntur,

    Liv. 7, 12, 3:

    muros,

    id. 27, 18:

    impositum saxis Anxur,

    Hor. S. 1, 5, 25:

    si subeuntur prospera castra,

    Juv. 16, 2 et saep.:

    perfurit, Fadumque Herbesumque subit,

    comes up to, attacks, assails, Verg. A. 9, 344; cf.:

    interim fallendus est judex et variis artibus subeundus,

    Quint. 4, 5, 5:

    precibus commota Tonantem Juno subit,

    approaches, Stat. Th. 9, 510:

    subit ille minantem,

    id. ib. 8, 84:

    Aeneae mucronem,

    Verg. A. 10, 798:

    qui procul hostium conspectu subibant aquam,

    Curt. 4, 13, 10:

    Hispo subit juvenes, i. e. paedicat,

    Juv. 2, 50.—
    b.
    Of things:

    umbra subit terras,

    Ov. M. 11, 61:

    quos (lucos) aquae subeunt et aurae,

    enter, Hor. C. 3, 4, 8:

    montes Trasimenus,

    Liv. 22, 4, 2:

    litora pelagus, Mel. praef. 2: mare quod Ciliciam subit,

    Curt. 7, 3, 19:

    radices (petrae) Indus amnis subit,

    id. 8, 11, 7:

    clarus subit Alba Latinum,

    succeeds, Ov. M. 14, 612 (al. clarus subit ecce Latinum Epytus); cf. id. ib. 1, 114:

    furcas subiere columnae,

    come into the place of, succeed, id. ib. 8, 700:

    aqua subit altitudinem exortus sui,

    rises to, reaches, Plin. 31, 6, 31, § 57:

    lunamque deficere cum aut terram subiret aut sole premeretur,

    Curt. 4, 10, 5.—
    2.
    In partic., to approach secretly, to steal upon or into (cf. supra, I. A. 2.):

    multi Nomine divorum thalamos subiere pudicos,

    Ov. M. 3, 282:

    subit furtim lumina fessa sopor,

    id. H. 19, 56.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    In gen. (very rare):

    sera deinde poenitentia subiit regem,

    came upon, overtook, Curt. 3, 2, 19.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    To come into, enter, occur to one's mind (cf. supra, I. B. 2.):

    deinde cogitatio animum subiit, indignum esse, etc.,

    Liv. 36, 20:

    ut beneficiorum memoria subiret animos patrum,

    id. 37, 49, 3:

    spes animum subibat deflagrare iras vestras posse,

    id. 40, 8, 9:

    otiosum animum aliae cogitationes,

    Quint. 11, 2, 33:

    majora intellectu animos non subibunt,

    id. 1, 2, 28:

    mentem subit, quo praemia facto, etc.,

    Ov. M. 12, 472; 7, 170:

    subit ergo regem verecundia,

    Curt. 5, 2, 15:

    me recordantem miseratio,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 7, 10: feminas voluptas, id. Pan. 22, 3:

    horum cogitatio subibat exercitum,

    Curt. 7, 1, 4.—
    b.
    To follow in speech, interrupt, answer (post - class. and rare):

    dicturum plura parentem Voce subis,

    Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 352:

    subit ille loquentem talibus,

    id. Cons. Mall. Theod. 173; id. Rapt. Pros. 3, 133.—
    c.
    (The figure taken from stooping under a load, under blows, etc.) To subject one's self to, take upon one's self an evil; to undergo, submit to, sustain, endure, suffer it (class.;

    a favorite expression of Cic.): omnes terrores periculaque omnia succurram atque subibo,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 31:

    omnia tela intenta in patriam subire atque excipere,

    id. Prov. Cons. 9, 23; cf.:

    quis est non ultro appetendus, subeundus, excipiendus dolor?

    id. Tusc. 2, 5, 14:

    subire vim atque injuriam,

    id. Prov. Cons. 17, 41:

    inimicitiae sunt: subeantur,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 71, § 182:

    maximas rei publicae tempestates,

    id. Mur. 2, 4:

    invidiam, pericula, tempestates,

    id. Fam. 15, 4, 12:

    nefarias libidinum contumelias turpitudinesque,

    id. Pis. 35, 86:

    potentiam, victoriam,

    id. Fam. 6, 1, 6:

    contumeliarum verbera,

    id. Rep. 1, 5, 9:

    majora Verbera,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 120:

    non praecipuam, sed parem cum ceteris fortunae condicionem,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 4, 7:

    fortunam,

    id. Fam. 14, 5, 1:

    judicium multitudinis imperitae,

    id. Fl. 1, 2:

    odium eorum,

    id. Att. 11, 17, 2:

    usum omnium,

    id. de Or. 1, 34, 157:

    aliquid invidiae aut criminis,

    id. N. D. 3, 1, 3:

    quemque casum,

    id. Att. 8, 1, 3:

    quamvis carnificinam,

    id. Tusc. 5, 27, 78:

    dupli poenam,

    id. Off. 3, 16, 65:

    legis vim,

    id. Caecin. 34, 100:

    summae crudelitatis famam,

    id. Cat. 4, 6, 12; cf.:

    minus sermonis,

    id. Att. 11, 6, 2:

    poenam exsilii,

    Val. Max. 6, 5, 3:

    simultates,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 18, 5:

    offensas,

    id. ib. 13, 9, 26:

    periculum,

    Vulg. 2 Macc. 11, 7:

    jam tum peregrinos ritus novā subeunte fortunā,

    Curt. 4, 6, 29. —With inf., to attempt, try, undertake:

    adversa tela pellere,

    Stat. S. 5, 2, 105:

    clavum torquere,

    Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 46.— Hence, sŭbĭtus, a, um, P. a., that has come on suddenly or unexpectedly, i. e. sudden, unexpected (freq. and class.; cf.:

    repens, improvisus): res subita,

    Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 23:

    in rebus tam subitis,

    Cic. Fam. 10, 16, 2:

    maris subita tempestas,

    id. Tusc. 3, 22, 52:

    subita et improvisa formido,

    id. Prov. Cons. 18, 43:

    laetitia, etc.,

    Auct. Her. 1, 8, 13:

    subita pugna, non praeparata,

    Quint. 7, 1, 35:

    ut sunt Gallorum subita et repentina consilia,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 8:

    novae rei ac subitae admiratio,

    Liv. 2, 2:

    bellum,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 7:

    incursiones hostium,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 11:

    ministeria belli,

    Liv. 4, 27:

    imbres,

    Lucr. 5, 216:

    vis,

    id. 1, 286; 4, 1210:

    res,

    id. 6, 1282:

    mors,

    Quint. 7, 2, 14:

    casus,

    id. 10, 3, 3; Suet. Aug. 73:

    tristia,

    Val. Max. 1, 6, 12:

    silentium,

    Quint. 12, 5, 3: miles, hastily collected (opp. vetus expertusque;

    syn. subitarius),

    Tac. H. 4, 76; cf.:

    aqua mulsa subita ac recens (opp. inveterata),

    Plin. 22, 24, 51, § 110: imagines non subitae, not newly sprung up, i. e. old, ancient, Plin. Ep. 8, 10, 3:

    homo,

    rash, Cic. Pis. Fragm. 5: clivi, sudden, i. e. steep, Stat. Th. 6, 258.—Esp., = subito (post-Aug.):

    non percussor ille subitus erumpet?

    Quint. 6, 2, 31; so,

    manūs dux Trapezuntem subitus irrupit,

    Tac. H. 3, 47:

    subitum inopinatumque venisse,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 13, 3:

    evadere,

    Flor. 4, 2, 59.—
    2.
    As subst.: sŭbĭtum, i. n., a sudden or unexpected thing, a sudden occurrence, etc.:

    Lesbonicum foras evocate: ita subitum'st, propere eum conventum volo,

    Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 51; cf.:

    subitum est ei remigrare,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 2:

    si tibi subiti nihil est,

    Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 36:

    in subito,

    Plin. 7, 44, 45, § 143.—In plur.:

    ut subitis ex tempore occurrant,

    Quint. 10, 7, 30; cf.:

    etiam fortes viros subitis terreri,

    Tac. A. 15, 59:

    quamvis non deficeretur ad subita extemporali facultate,

    Suet. Aug. 84:

    si repentina ac subita dominantur,

    Sen. Ep. 16, 6: sive meditata sive subita proferret, whether he spoke after deliberation or off-hand, Plin. Ep. 1, 16, 2.—With gen.:

    ad subita rerum,

    Liv. 9, 43:

    ad subita belli,

    id. 6, 32; 25, 15, 20; Flor. 1, 1, 11.—
    b.
    Adverb., suddenly, unexpectedly:

    per subitum erumpit clamor,

    Sil. 10, 505; so,

    per subitum,

    id. 7, 594; 8, 628; 12, 654; 14, 330; 15, 145;

    15, 404: in subitum,

    id. 7, 527: ad subitum, Cassiod. Var. praef. med. —Hence, adv.: sŭbĭtō, suddenly, unexpectedly (freq. and class.; cf.: repente, extemplo, ilico): ut subito, ut propere, ut valide tonuit! Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 10; cf. id. Curc. 2, 3, 4:

    nova res subito mihi haec objecta est,

    id. Ps. 2, 2, 7:

    ita abripuit repente sese subito,

    id. Mil. 2, 2, 21:

    subito tanta te impendent mala,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 2:

    cum tot bella subito atque improviso nascantur,

    Cic. Font. 19, 42:

    ex oculis subito fugit,

    Verg. G. 4, 499:

    cum subito ecce,

    Cic. Caecin. 10, 30:

    ut subito nostras Hymen cantatus ad aures Venit,

    Ov. H. 12, 137; Curt. 9, 9, 19:

    subito deficere,

    Quint. 7, 2, 14:

    quod serenā nocte subito candens et plena luna defecisset,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 15, 23:

    tantus subito timor omnem exercitum occupavit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 39:

    subito opprimi,

    Liv. 41, 3:

    si vespertinus subito te oppresserit hospes,

    Hor. S. 2, 4, 17 et. saep.:

    subito dicere,

    without preparation, extempore, Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 150:

    quod vox et gestus subito sumi non potest,

    id. ib. 1, 59, 252:

    neque potest quisquam nostrum subito fingi,

    id. Sull. 25, 69:

    aliquid subito ex tempore conjectura explicare,

    id. Div. 1, 33, 72; so,

    dicere,

    Quint. 10, 3, 30; 11, 3, 12:

    inventa (opp. domo allata),

    id. 4, 5, 4:

    cum subito evaserunt,

    Col. 9, 9, 3:

    tam subito copias contrahere non potuit,

    so quickly, Nep. Dat. 7, 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > subeo

  • 9 ipse

    ipse ( ipsus, Cato, R. R. 70; 71; Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 43; id. Trin. 2, 2, 40; 3, 1, 10 et saep.; Ter. And. 3, 2, 15; id. Eun. 3, 4, 8, id. Hec. 3, 5, 5; Jusjur. Milit. ap. Gell. 16, 4, 4 al.), a, um (ipsud, Gloss. Philox.); gen. ipsīus ( poet. also ipsĭus, Cat. 64, 43; Verg. A. 1, 114; 2, 772 al.; and dissyl. Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 15; id. Phorm. 4, 5, 13: ipsi, Afran. ap. Prisc. 694); dat. ipsi (ipso, App. M. 10, p. 243, 24); pron. demonstr. [is - pse for pte; cf. sua-pte and -pote in ut-pote; root in potis; Sanscr. patis, lord, master; hence, = he, the master, himself, etc.; cf. Pott. Etym. Forsch. 2, 866 sq.; Fick, Vergl. Wörterb. p. 116. Hence, in the original form, the pronoun is was declined, while the suffix was unchanged; thus eopte = eo ipso, Paul. ex Fest. p. 110:

    eapse = ea ipsa,

    id. p. 77; nom. sing. eapse, Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 4; id. Cist. 1, 2, 17; id. Rud. 2, 3, 80; 2, 5, 21 al.; acc. eumpse, Plaut. Most. 1, 4, 32:

    eampse,

    Plaut. Aul. 5, 7; id. Cist. 1, 3, 22; id. Men. 5, 2, 22 al.; abl. eopse, Plaut. Curc, 4, 3, 6:

    eāpse,

    id. Trin. 4, 2, 132; id. Curc. 4, 3, 2; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 197 sq.], = autos, self, in person, he (emphatic), himself, herself, itself, used both substantively and adjectively, to denote that person (thing) of which something is eminently or exclusively predicated.
    I.
    In gen.
    A.
    With substt. or pronn.
    1.
    Expressing eminence or distinction:

    ipse ille Gorgias... in illo ipso Platonis libro,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 32, 129:

    ille ipse Marcellus,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 2, § 4:

    natura ipsa,

    id. Brut. 29, 112:

    dicet pro me ipsa virtus,

    id. Fin. 2, 20, 65:

    ipsa res publica,

    id. Fam. 3, 11, 3:

    neque enim ipse Caesar est alienus a nobis,

    id. ib. 6, 10, 2:

    ipse Moeris,

    Verg. E. 8, 96:

    rex ipse Aeneas,

    id. A. 1, 575:

    ipse aries,

    id. E. 3, 95:

    ductores ipsi,

    id. A. 1, 189:

    si in ipsa arce habitarem,

    Liv. 2, 7, 10;

    esp. freq. with names of gods, etc.: naturas quas Juppiter ipse Addidit,

    Verg. G. 4, 149; id. A. 3, 222; Hor. C. 1, 16, 12:

    Pater ipse,

    Verg. G. 1, 121; Tib. 1, 4, 23:

    Venus ipsa,

    Hor. C. 2, 8, 13; Ov. H. 19, 159:

    ipse pater Pluton,

    Verg. A. 7, 327 et saep.—Prov.:

    audentes deus ipse juvat,

    Ov. M. 10, 586.—
    2.
    For emphasis or in contrast, very, just, precisely, self, in person:

    adest optime ipse frater,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 66:

    in orationibus hisce ipsis,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 16, 73:

    ea ipsa hora,

    id. Fam. 7, 23, 4:

    nec carmina nobis Ipsa placent: ipsae rursus concedite silvae,

    Verg. E. 10, 63:

    tute ipse his rebus finem praescripsti,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 124:

    lepide ipsi hi sunt capti,

    Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 91:

    ego enim ipse cum eodem isto non invitus erraverim,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40:

    ipse ille divinationis auctor,

    id. Div. 2, 28, 61:

    cariorem esse patriam quam nosmet ipsos,

    id. Fin. 3, 19, 64:

    eaque ipsa causa belli fuit,

    the very, the true cause, Liv. 1, 57, 1; esp. with is, in all persons and numbers:

    estne hic Philto? Is hercle'st ipsus,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 31:

    cui tutor is fuerat ipse,

    Liv. 5, 33, 3:

    jam id ipsum absurdum, maximum malum neglegi,

    even, Cic. Fin. 2, 28, 93 (Madv.); id. de Or. 2, 30, 132:

    tempus ad id ipsum congruere,

    Liv. 1, 5, 5:

    duum vir ad id ipsum creatus,

    id. 2, 42, 5:

    Tullius et eos ipsos et per eos multitudinem aliam deduxit,

    id. 2, 38, 1:

    eorum ipsorum facta (opp. loca in quibus, etc.),

    Cic. Fin. 5, 1, 2:

    nec vero clarorum virorum post mortem honores permanerent, si nihil eorum ipsorum animi efficerent,

    id. de Sen. 22, 80:

    ad eum ipsum honorem deferre,

    Liv. 3, 51, 3; so sometimes with an inf. or subst.-clause:

    ipsum dicere ineptum,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 24, 112:

    quid juvat quod ante initum tribunatum veni, si ipsum, quod veni, nihil juvat?

    the mere fact, the fact alone, id. Att. 11, 9, 1:

    ipsum, quod habuisti,

    Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 12, 2:

    et ipsum, quod sum victus, ama,

    Luc. 8, 78.— Esp. in legal phrase: ipso jure, by the letter of the law, in legal strictness or precision, Gai Inst. 2, 198; 3, 181; 4, 106 sqq. et saep.—
    B.
    Alone, emphatically taking the place of an omitted person. or demonstr. pron.: Ar. Ubi is nunc est? He. Ubi ego minume atque ipsus se volt maxume, Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 108; 4, 1, 10: Su. Is ipsusne's? Ch. Aio: Su. Ipsus es? id. Trin. 4, 2, 146:

    atque ipsis, ad quorum commodum pertinebat, durior inventus est Coelius,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 20, 4:

    quaeram ex ipsā,

    Cic. Cael. 14:

    tempus, quo ipse eos sustulisset, ad id ipsum congruere,

    Liv. 1, 5, 5:

    agrum dare immunem ipsi, qui accepisset, liberisque,

    id. 21, 45, 5; 9, 34, 18; 10, [p. 999] 6, 10:

    laeta et ipsis qui rem gessere expugnatio fuit,

    id. 28, 4, 1:

    a nobis exposita, ut ab ipsis, qui eam disciplinam probant,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 5, 13.—So freq. in Cic. before a rel.:

    ut de ipso, qui judicarit, judicium fieri videretur,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 44, 82:

    ipsi omnia, quorum negotium est, ad nos deferunt,

    id. de Or. 1, 58, 250; 2, 14, 60; id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 13; v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 2, 28, 93:

    nullis definitionibus utuntur, ipsique dicunt ea se modo probare, quibus natura tacita assentiatur,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 12, 40 Madv. —
    C.
    To make prominent one of two or more subjects of any predicate, he ( she, il), for his part, he too, also, as well.
    1.
    Ipse alone:

    litterae Metello Capuam adlatae sunt a Clodia, quae ipsa transiit,

    i. e. also, in person, Cic. Att. 9, 6, 3:

    Italiam ornare quam domum suam maluit: quamquam Italia ornata domus ipsa mihi videtur ornatior,

    id. Off. 2, 22, 76:

    tris ipse excitavit recitatores,

    he too, id. Clu. 51, 141:

    neque tanti timoris sum ut ipse deficiam,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 31, 8:

    Jugurtha, tametsi regem ficta locutum intellegebat, et ipse longe aliter animo agitabat,

    Sall. J. 11, 1:

    hoc Rhipeus, hoc ipse Dymas omnisque juventus Laeta facit,

    Verg. A. 2, 394.—
    2.
    With conjunctions.
    (α).
    With etiam (class.):

    ipse etiam Fufidius in numero fuit,

    Cic. Brut. 29, 112: scribebat orationes quas alii dicerent: quamquam is etiam ipse scripsit eas, quibus pro se est usus, sed non sine Aelio;

    his enim scriptis etiam ipse interfui,

    id. ib. 56, 206 sq. —
    (β).
    With quoque:

    quippe quia plebs senatus consultum solvit, ipsi quoque solutum vultis,

    Liv. 3, 21, 4:

    consul, quia collegae decretum triumphum audivit, ipse quoque triumphi flagitator Romam rediit,

    id. 8, 12, 9:

    cum subito Sulpicius et Albinovanus objecissent catervas, ipse quoque (Sulla) jaculatus, etc.,

    Flor. 3, 21, 7.—
    (γ).
    With et (et ipse = kai autos, ipse etiam; rare in Cic.; cf.

    Zumpt, Gram. § 698): tamen et ipsi tuae familiae genere et nomine continebuntur,

    Cic. Caecin. 20, 58:

    deseret eos quos una scis esse, cum habeat praesertim et ipse cohortis triginta?

    id. Att. 8, 7, 1; id. de Or. 1, 46, 202:

    Cornelius dictatorem Aemilium dixit, et ipse ab eo magister equitum est dictus,

    Liv. 4, 31, 5:

    credo ego vos, socii, et ipsos cernere,

    id. 21, 21, 3:

    Cornelio minus copiarum datum, quia L. Manlius praetor et ipse cum praesidio in Galliam mittebatur,

    id. 21, 17, 7:

    qui et ipse crus fregerat,

    Suet. Aug. 43:

    Antoninus Commodus nihil paternum habuit, nisi quod contra Germanos feliciter et ipse pugnavit,

    Eutr. 8, 7:

    virtutes et ipsae taedium pariunt,

    Quint. 9, 4, 43. —
    (δ).
    With nec ( = ne ipse quidem):

    primis repulsis Maharbal cum majore robore virorum missus nec ipse eruptionem cohortium sustinuit,

    Liv. 23, 18, 4:

    nihil moveri viderunt, nec ipsi quicquam mutarunt,

    id. 37, 20, 8:

    neque ipsi,

    id. 30, 42, 7: crimina non quidem nec ipsa mediocria;

    sed quid ista sunt prae iis, etc.,

    id. 34, 32, 9.
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    By way of eminence, ipse is used to indicate the chief person, host, master, teacher, etc.:

    ipsa, the mistress, etc.: ipsus tristis,

    Ter. And. 2, 2, 23:

    ipsum praesto video,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 3:

    ego eo quo me ipsa misit,

    Plaut. Cas. 4, 2, 10:

    suam norat ipsam tam bene, quam puella matrem,

    Cat. 3, 7 (Müll., ipsa); cf.:

    Pythagorei respondere solebant, ipse dixit,

    i. e. Pythagoras, Cic. N. D. 1, 5, 10; cf.:

    nec hoc oratori contingere inter adversarios quod Pythagorae inter discipulos potest ipse dixit,

    Quint. 11, 1, 27:

    cum veniat lectica Mathonis plena ipso,

    the great man, Juv. 1, 33:

    anseris ante ipsum jecur,

    before the host, id. 5, 114.—
    B.
    Of or by one ' s self, of one ' s own accord = suā sponte, ultro:

    videar non ipse promisisse (opp. to fortuito),

    Cic. de Or. 1, 24, 111:

    de manibus delapsa arma ipsa ceciderunt,

    id. Off. 1, 22, 77:

    valvae clausae se ipsae aperuerunt,

    id. Div. 1, 37, 74:

    ipsae lacte domum referent distenta capellae Ubera,

    Verg. E. 4, 21:

    ipsi potum venient juvenci,

    id. ib. 7, 11; cf.:

    aliae ipsae Sponte sua veniunt,

    id. G. 2, 10:

    fruges sponte sua (tellus) primum ipsa creavit,

    Lucr. 2, 11, 58; and autai for automatoi, Theocr. Idyll. 11, 12.—
    C.
    Himself exclusively.
    1.
    By or in one ' s self, alone:

    haec ipse suo tristi cum corde volutat,

    Verg. A. 6, 185:

    his actis, aliud genitor secum ipse volutat,

    id. ib. 12, 843: tempus secum ipsa Exigit, id. ib. 4, 475:

    quam facile exercitu soclos conservaturus sit, qui ipso nomine ac rumore defenderit,

    Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 15, 45:

    multa secum ipse volvens,

    Sall. C. 32, 1:

    aestimando ipse secum,

    Liv. 25, 23, 11.—
    2.
    In one ' s self, for one ' s own sake:

    ipsam aequitatem et jus ipsum amare,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 18, 48.—
    3.
    Of one ' s self, of one ' s own nature, etc.:

    erat ipse immani acerbāque naturā Oppianicus,

    Cic. Clu. 15, 44:

    duo imperatores, ipsi pares, ceterum opibus disparibus,

    Sall. J. 52, 1:

    natura serpentium, ipsa perniciosa, siti accenditur,

    id. ib. 89, 5.—
    D.
    With advv. of time.
    1.
    Nunc ipsum, just now, at this very time:

    nunc ipsum exurit,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 16:

    nunc ipsum non dubitabo rem tantam adicere,

    Cic. Att. 7, 3, 2; 8, 9, 2:

    nunc tamen ipsum sine te esse non possum,

    id. ib. 12, 16. —
    2.
    Tum ipsum, just then, at that very time:

    id, quod aliquando posset accidere, ne tum ipsum accideret, timere,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 27, 124:

    ratio largitionum vitiosa est, temporibus necessaria, et tum ipsum ad facultates accommodanda est,

    id. Off. 2, 17, 60:

    et tum ipsum, cum immolare velis, extorum fieri mutatio potest,

    id. Div. 1, 52, 118; cf. id. Fin. 2, 20, 65 Madv.—
    E.
    With numerals, just, exactly, precisely (opp. fere):

    triginta dies erant ipsi, cum, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 3, 21 init.:

    ipsas undecim esse legiones,

    id. Fam. 6, 18, 2:

    nam cum dixisset minus 1000 (sc. milia), populus cum risu acclamavit, ipsa esse,

    id. Caecin. 10, 28; cf. id. Brut. 15, 61; 43, 162:

    ipso vigesimo anno,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 9, § 25. —
    F.
    In reflexive uses,
    1.
    Ipse strengthens the subject when opposed in thought to other agents; the object, when opposed to other objects; cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 696; Kennedy, Gram. § 67, 3; Madv. Gram. § 487, 6. — Hence,
    a.
    With subject.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    non egeo medicina (i. e. ut alii me consolentur), me ipse consolor,

    Cic. Lael. 3, 10:

    Junius necem sibi ipse conscivit,

    id. N. D. 2, 3, 7:

    neque potest exercitum is continere imperator, qui se ipse non continet,

    id. de Imp. Pomp. 13, 38:

    Artaxerxes se ipse reprehendit,

    Nep. Dat. 5:

    ipsa se virtus satis ostendit,

    Sall. J. 85; cf.:

    deponendo tutelam ipse in se unum omnium vires convertit,

    Liv. 24, 4, 9:

    deforme etiam est de se ipsum praedicare,

    Cic. Off. 1, 38, 137.—
    (β).
    With special emphasis, ipse is joined to the subject to indicate its relation to itself as both subject and object, though the antithesis would suggest another case (Cic.):

    cum iste sic erat humilis atque demissus, ut non modo populo Romano, sed etiam sibi ipse condemnatus videretur,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 6, 17:

    si quis ipse sibi inimicus est,

    id. Fin. 5, 10, 28:

    qui ipsi sibi bellum indixissent,

    id. ib. 5, 10, 29:

    quoniam se ipsi omnes natura diligant,

    id. ib. 3, 18, 59:

    nam si ex scriptis cognosci ipsi suis potuissent,

    id. de Or. 2, 2, 8.—
    b.
    With object:

    neque vero ipsam amicitiam tueri (possumus), nisi aeque amicos et nosmet ipsos diligamus,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 20, 67:

    omne animal se ipsum diligit,

    id. ib. 5, 9, 24:

    fac ut diligentissime te ipsum custodias,

    id. Fam. 9, 14, 8:

    Pompeianus miles fratrem suum, dein se ipsum interfecit,

    Tac. H. 3, 51:

    Lentulum, quem mihi ipsi antepono,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 7, 5.—
    2.
    Ipse defines the subject of a reflexive pronoun:

    natura movet infantem, sed tantum ut se ipse diligat (where ipse shows that se refers to infantem),

    Cic. Fin. 2, 10, 33: proinde consulant sibi ipsi;

    jubeant abire se,

    Just. 16, 4, 15:

    neque prius vim adhibendam putaverunt, quam se ipse indicasset,

    Nep. Paus. 4:

    in portis murisque sibimet ipsos tecta coëgerat aedificare,

    Liv. 27, 3, 2 (cf. 1. a. supra).—
    3.
    Ipse stands for the reflexive pronoun,
    a.
    Where the person or thing referred to is to be emphatically distinguished from others (class.):

    cum omnes se expetendos putent, nec id ob aliam rem, sed propter ipsos, necesse est ejus etiam partes propter se expeti, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 17, 46:

    quis umquam consul senatum ipsius decretis parere prohibuit?

    id. Sest. 14, 32:

    quos, quidquid ipsis expediat, facturos arbitrabimur,

    id. Fin. 2, 35, 117:

    qui negant se recusare, quo minus, ipsis mortuis, terrarum deflagratio consequatur,

    id. ib. 3, 19, 64:

    nec quid ipsius natura sit intellegit,

    id. ib. 5, 9, 24.—
    b.
    In a subordinate clause, to point out either the subject of the principal clause, or the chief agent or speaker;

    esp. where se or sibi is already applied to the subject of the subordinate clause: ne ob eam rem aut suae magnopere virtuti tribueret aut ipsos despiceret,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 13, 5:

    legatos ad consulem mittit, qui tantum modo ipsi liberisque vitam peterent,

    Sall. J. 16, 2; cf.:

    ipsis mortuis,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 19, 64:

    supra nihil, quantum in ipso est, praetermittere quo minus, etc.,

    id. Leg. 1, 21, 56:

    ipsius,

    id. ib. 2, 22, 55:

    nihil umquam audivi... nihil de re publica gravius, nihil de ipso modestius, i. e. de ipso dicente,

    id. Balb. 1, 2: id quod ipsum adjuvat (i. e. dicentem;

    opp. id quod adversario prodest),

    id. Inv. 1, 21, 30.—
    c.
    In gen., for an emphatic se or sibi (mostly post-Aug.; v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 3, 12, 40):

    nam ipsis certum esse, etc.,

    Liv. 35, 46, 13:

    pravitas consulum discordiaque inter ipsos,

    id. 4, 26, 6:

    inexperta remedia haud injuria ipsis esse suspecta,

    Curt. 3, 5, 15:

    Graecis nuntiare jubet, ipsum quidem gratias agere, etc.,

    id. 3, 8, 7:

    dixit, ab illo deo ipsos genus ducere,

    id. 4, 2, 3:

    a quibus nec acceperunt injuriam nec accepisse ipsos existimant, Sen. de Ira, 2, 5, 1: intemperantiam in morbo suam experti parere ipsis vetant,

    id. ib. 3, 13, 5:

    sciunt ipsos omnia habere communia,

    id. Ep. 6, 3; 22, 10 et saep.; cf.:

    verum est etiam iis, qui aliquando futuri sint, esse propter ipsos consulendum,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 19, 64.—
    4.
    Ipse stands in free constr. with abl. absol. as with finite verb (cf. also quisque;

    only freq. in Liv. and post-Aug. writers): cum dies venit, causa ipse pro se dicta, quindecim milibus aeris damnatur,

    Liv. 4, 44, 10 Weissenb. ad loc.:

    Romani imperatores, junctis et ipsi exercitibus... ad sedem hostium pervenere,

    id. 29, 2, 2:

    C. Popilius, dimissis et ipse Atticis navibus... pergit,

    id. 45, 10, 2; cf.:

    Catilina et Autronius parabant consules interficere, ipsi fascibus conreptis Pisonem cum exercitu mittere,

    Sall. C. 18, 5:

    amisso et ipse Pacoro,

    Tac. G. 37; cf. also the emphatic use of ipse (like quisque) with abl. of gerund (freq. in Liv.):

    adsentando indignandoque et ipse,

    Liv. 40, 23, 1:

    cogendo ipse,

    id. 39, 49, 3:

    agendo ipse,

    id. 41, 24, 2:

    aestimando ipse secum,

    id. 25, 23, 11 et saep.
    ► Ipse is very rarely strengthened by the suffix -met:

    ipsemet abiit,

    Plaut.
    Am. prol. 102:

    ipsimet nobis,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 3:

    ipsemet profugiam,

    Sen. Ep. 117, 21; also Front. Aq. 74 ex conj.— Sup.: Com. Ergo ipsusne es? Charm. Ipsissumus, his own very self, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 146; cf. Gr. autotatos, Aristoph. Plut. 83; so,

    ipsimus and ipsima, for dominus and domina (cf II. A. supra),

    Petr. 75, 11; and:

    ipsimi nostri,

    id. 63, 3 Büch. ex conj.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ipse

  • 10 ipsus

    ipse ( ipsus, Cato, R. R. 70; 71; Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 43; id. Trin. 2, 2, 40; 3, 1, 10 et saep.; Ter. And. 3, 2, 15; id. Eun. 3, 4, 8, id. Hec. 3, 5, 5; Jusjur. Milit. ap. Gell. 16, 4, 4 al.), a, um (ipsud, Gloss. Philox.); gen. ipsīus ( poet. also ipsĭus, Cat. 64, 43; Verg. A. 1, 114; 2, 772 al.; and dissyl. Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 15; id. Phorm. 4, 5, 13: ipsi, Afran. ap. Prisc. 694); dat. ipsi (ipso, App. M. 10, p. 243, 24); pron. demonstr. [is - pse for pte; cf. sua-pte and -pote in ut-pote; root in potis; Sanscr. patis, lord, master; hence, = he, the master, himself, etc.; cf. Pott. Etym. Forsch. 2, 866 sq.; Fick, Vergl. Wörterb. p. 116. Hence, in the original form, the pronoun is was declined, while the suffix was unchanged; thus eopte = eo ipso, Paul. ex Fest. p. 110:

    eapse = ea ipsa,

    id. p. 77; nom. sing. eapse, Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 4; id. Cist. 1, 2, 17; id. Rud. 2, 3, 80; 2, 5, 21 al.; acc. eumpse, Plaut. Most. 1, 4, 32:

    eampse,

    Plaut. Aul. 5, 7; id. Cist. 1, 3, 22; id. Men. 5, 2, 22 al.; abl. eopse, Plaut. Curc, 4, 3, 6:

    eāpse,

    id. Trin. 4, 2, 132; id. Curc. 4, 3, 2; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 197 sq.], = autos, self, in person, he (emphatic), himself, herself, itself, used both substantively and adjectively, to denote that person (thing) of which something is eminently or exclusively predicated.
    I.
    In gen.
    A.
    With substt. or pronn.
    1.
    Expressing eminence or distinction:

    ipse ille Gorgias... in illo ipso Platonis libro,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 32, 129:

    ille ipse Marcellus,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 2, § 4:

    natura ipsa,

    id. Brut. 29, 112:

    dicet pro me ipsa virtus,

    id. Fin. 2, 20, 65:

    ipsa res publica,

    id. Fam. 3, 11, 3:

    neque enim ipse Caesar est alienus a nobis,

    id. ib. 6, 10, 2:

    ipse Moeris,

    Verg. E. 8, 96:

    rex ipse Aeneas,

    id. A. 1, 575:

    ipse aries,

    id. E. 3, 95:

    ductores ipsi,

    id. A. 1, 189:

    si in ipsa arce habitarem,

    Liv. 2, 7, 10;

    esp. freq. with names of gods, etc.: naturas quas Juppiter ipse Addidit,

    Verg. G. 4, 149; id. A. 3, 222; Hor. C. 1, 16, 12:

    Pater ipse,

    Verg. G. 1, 121; Tib. 1, 4, 23:

    Venus ipsa,

    Hor. C. 2, 8, 13; Ov. H. 19, 159:

    ipse pater Pluton,

    Verg. A. 7, 327 et saep.—Prov.:

    audentes deus ipse juvat,

    Ov. M. 10, 586.—
    2.
    For emphasis or in contrast, very, just, precisely, self, in person:

    adest optime ipse frater,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 66:

    in orationibus hisce ipsis,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 16, 73:

    ea ipsa hora,

    id. Fam. 7, 23, 4:

    nec carmina nobis Ipsa placent: ipsae rursus concedite silvae,

    Verg. E. 10, 63:

    tute ipse his rebus finem praescripsti,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 124:

    lepide ipsi hi sunt capti,

    Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 91:

    ego enim ipse cum eodem isto non invitus erraverim,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40:

    ipse ille divinationis auctor,

    id. Div. 2, 28, 61:

    cariorem esse patriam quam nosmet ipsos,

    id. Fin. 3, 19, 64:

    eaque ipsa causa belli fuit,

    the very, the true cause, Liv. 1, 57, 1; esp. with is, in all persons and numbers:

    estne hic Philto? Is hercle'st ipsus,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 31:

    cui tutor is fuerat ipse,

    Liv. 5, 33, 3:

    jam id ipsum absurdum, maximum malum neglegi,

    even, Cic. Fin. 2, 28, 93 (Madv.); id. de Or. 2, 30, 132:

    tempus ad id ipsum congruere,

    Liv. 1, 5, 5:

    duum vir ad id ipsum creatus,

    id. 2, 42, 5:

    Tullius et eos ipsos et per eos multitudinem aliam deduxit,

    id. 2, 38, 1:

    eorum ipsorum facta (opp. loca in quibus, etc.),

    Cic. Fin. 5, 1, 2:

    nec vero clarorum virorum post mortem honores permanerent, si nihil eorum ipsorum animi efficerent,

    id. de Sen. 22, 80:

    ad eum ipsum honorem deferre,

    Liv. 3, 51, 3; so sometimes with an inf. or subst.-clause:

    ipsum dicere ineptum,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 24, 112:

    quid juvat quod ante initum tribunatum veni, si ipsum, quod veni, nihil juvat?

    the mere fact, the fact alone, id. Att. 11, 9, 1:

    ipsum, quod habuisti,

    Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 12, 2:

    et ipsum, quod sum victus, ama,

    Luc. 8, 78.— Esp. in legal phrase: ipso jure, by the letter of the law, in legal strictness or precision, Gai Inst. 2, 198; 3, 181; 4, 106 sqq. et saep.—
    B.
    Alone, emphatically taking the place of an omitted person. or demonstr. pron.: Ar. Ubi is nunc est? He. Ubi ego minume atque ipsus se volt maxume, Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 108; 4, 1, 10: Su. Is ipsusne's? Ch. Aio: Su. Ipsus es? id. Trin. 4, 2, 146:

    atque ipsis, ad quorum commodum pertinebat, durior inventus est Coelius,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 20, 4:

    quaeram ex ipsā,

    Cic. Cael. 14:

    tempus, quo ipse eos sustulisset, ad id ipsum congruere,

    Liv. 1, 5, 5:

    agrum dare immunem ipsi, qui accepisset, liberisque,

    id. 21, 45, 5; 9, 34, 18; 10, [p. 999] 6, 10:

    laeta et ipsis qui rem gessere expugnatio fuit,

    id. 28, 4, 1:

    a nobis exposita, ut ab ipsis, qui eam disciplinam probant,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 5, 13.—So freq. in Cic. before a rel.:

    ut de ipso, qui judicarit, judicium fieri videretur,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 44, 82:

    ipsi omnia, quorum negotium est, ad nos deferunt,

    id. de Or. 1, 58, 250; 2, 14, 60; id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 13; v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 2, 28, 93:

    nullis definitionibus utuntur, ipsique dicunt ea se modo probare, quibus natura tacita assentiatur,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 12, 40 Madv. —
    C.
    To make prominent one of two or more subjects of any predicate, he ( she, il), for his part, he too, also, as well.
    1.
    Ipse alone:

    litterae Metello Capuam adlatae sunt a Clodia, quae ipsa transiit,

    i. e. also, in person, Cic. Att. 9, 6, 3:

    Italiam ornare quam domum suam maluit: quamquam Italia ornata domus ipsa mihi videtur ornatior,

    id. Off. 2, 22, 76:

    tris ipse excitavit recitatores,

    he too, id. Clu. 51, 141:

    neque tanti timoris sum ut ipse deficiam,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 31, 8:

    Jugurtha, tametsi regem ficta locutum intellegebat, et ipse longe aliter animo agitabat,

    Sall. J. 11, 1:

    hoc Rhipeus, hoc ipse Dymas omnisque juventus Laeta facit,

    Verg. A. 2, 394.—
    2.
    With conjunctions.
    (α).
    With etiam (class.):

    ipse etiam Fufidius in numero fuit,

    Cic. Brut. 29, 112: scribebat orationes quas alii dicerent: quamquam is etiam ipse scripsit eas, quibus pro se est usus, sed non sine Aelio;

    his enim scriptis etiam ipse interfui,

    id. ib. 56, 206 sq. —
    (β).
    With quoque:

    quippe quia plebs senatus consultum solvit, ipsi quoque solutum vultis,

    Liv. 3, 21, 4:

    consul, quia collegae decretum triumphum audivit, ipse quoque triumphi flagitator Romam rediit,

    id. 8, 12, 9:

    cum subito Sulpicius et Albinovanus objecissent catervas, ipse quoque (Sulla) jaculatus, etc.,

    Flor. 3, 21, 7.—
    (γ).
    With et (et ipse = kai autos, ipse etiam; rare in Cic.; cf.

    Zumpt, Gram. § 698): tamen et ipsi tuae familiae genere et nomine continebuntur,

    Cic. Caecin. 20, 58:

    deseret eos quos una scis esse, cum habeat praesertim et ipse cohortis triginta?

    id. Att. 8, 7, 1; id. de Or. 1, 46, 202:

    Cornelius dictatorem Aemilium dixit, et ipse ab eo magister equitum est dictus,

    Liv. 4, 31, 5:

    credo ego vos, socii, et ipsos cernere,

    id. 21, 21, 3:

    Cornelio minus copiarum datum, quia L. Manlius praetor et ipse cum praesidio in Galliam mittebatur,

    id. 21, 17, 7:

    qui et ipse crus fregerat,

    Suet. Aug. 43:

    Antoninus Commodus nihil paternum habuit, nisi quod contra Germanos feliciter et ipse pugnavit,

    Eutr. 8, 7:

    virtutes et ipsae taedium pariunt,

    Quint. 9, 4, 43. —
    (δ).
    With nec ( = ne ipse quidem):

    primis repulsis Maharbal cum majore robore virorum missus nec ipse eruptionem cohortium sustinuit,

    Liv. 23, 18, 4:

    nihil moveri viderunt, nec ipsi quicquam mutarunt,

    id. 37, 20, 8:

    neque ipsi,

    id. 30, 42, 7: crimina non quidem nec ipsa mediocria;

    sed quid ista sunt prae iis, etc.,

    id. 34, 32, 9.
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    By way of eminence, ipse is used to indicate the chief person, host, master, teacher, etc.:

    ipsa, the mistress, etc.: ipsus tristis,

    Ter. And. 2, 2, 23:

    ipsum praesto video,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 3:

    ego eo quo me ipsa misit,

    Plaut. Cas. 4, 2, 10:

    suam norat ipsam tam bene, quam puella matrem,

    Cat. 3, 7 (Müll., ipsa); cf.:

    Pythagorei respondere solebant, ipse dixit,

    i. e. Pythagoras, Cic. N. D. 1, 5, 10; cf.:

    nec hoc oratori contingere inter adversarios quod Pythagorae inter discipulos potest ipse dixit,

    Quint. 11, 1, 27:

    cum veniat lectica Mathonis plena ipso,

    the great man, Juv. 1, 33:

    anseris ante ipsum jecur,

    before the host, id. 5, 114.—
    B.
    Of or by one ' s self, of one ' s own accord = suā sponte, ultro:

    videar non ipse promisisse (opp. to fortuito),

    Cic. de Or. 1, 24, 111:

    de manibus delapsa arma ipsa ceciderunt,

    id. Off. 1, 22, 77:

    valvae clausae se ipsae aperuerunt,

    id. Div. 1, 37, 74:

    ipsae lacte domum referent distenta capellae Ubera,

    Verg. E. 4, 21:

    ipsi potum venient juvenci,

    id. ib. 7, 11; cf.:

    aliae ipsae Sponte sua veniunt,

    id. G. 2, 10:

    fruges sponte sua (tellus) primum ipsa creavit,

    Lucr. 2, 11, 58; and autai for automatoi, Theocr. Idyll. 11, 12.—
    C.
    Himself exclusively.
    1.
    By or in one ' s self, alone:

    haec ipse suo tristi cum corde volutat,

    Verg. A. 6, 185:

    his actis, aliud genitor secum ipse volutat,

    id. ib. 12, 843: tempus secum ipsa Exigit, id. ib. 4, 475:

    quam facile exercitu soclos conservaturus sit, qui ipso nomine ac rumore defenderit,

    Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 15, 45:

    multa secum ipse volvens,

    Sall. C. 32, 1:

    aestimando ipse secum,

    Liv. 25, 23, 11.—
    2.
    In one ' s self, for one ' s own sake:

    ipsam aequitatem et jus ipsum amare,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 18, 48.—
    3.
    Of one ' s self, of one ' s own nature, etc.:

    erat ipse immani acerbāque naturā Oppianicus,

    Cic. Clu. 15, 44:

    duo imperatores, ipsi pares, ceterum opibus disparibus,

    Sall. J. 52, 1:

    natura serpentium, ipsa perniciosa, siti accenditur,

    id. ib. 89, 5.—
    D.
    With advv. of time.
    1.
    Nunc ipsum, just now, at this very time:

    nunc ipsum exurit,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 16:

    nunc ipsum non dubitabo rem tantam adicere,

    Cic. Att. 7, 3, 2; 8, 9, 2:

    nunc tamen ipsum sine te esse non possum,

    id. ib. 12, 16. —
    2.
    Tum ipsum, just then, at that very time:

    id, quod aliquando posset accidere, ne tum ipsum accideret, timere,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 27, 124:

    ratio largitionum vitiosa est, temporibus necessaria, et tum ipsum ad facultates accommodanda est,

    id. Off. 2, 17, 60:

    et tum ipsum, cum immolare velis, extorum fieri mutatio potest,

    id. Div. 1, 52, 118; cf. id. Fin. 2, 20, 65 Madv.—
    E.
    With numerals, just, exactly, precisely (opp. fere):

    triginta dies erant ipsi, cum, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 3, 21 init.:

    ipsas undecim esse legiones,

    id. Fam. 6, 18, 2:

    nam cum dixisset minus 1000 (sc. milia), populus cum risu acclamavit, ipsa esse,

    id. Caecin. 10, 28; cf. id. Brut. 15, 61; 43, 162:

    ipso vigesimo anno,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 9, § 25. —
    F.
    In reflexive uses,
    1.
    Ipse strengthens the subject when opposed in thought to other agents; the object, when opposed to other objects; cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 696; Kennedy, Gram. § 67, 3; Madv. Gram. § 487, 6. — Hence,
    a.
    With subject.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    non egeo medicina (i. e. ut alii me consolentur), me ipse consolor,

    Cic. Lael. 3, 10:

    Junius necem sibi ipse conscivit,

    id. N. D. 2, 3, 7:

    neque potest exercitum is continere imperator, qui se ipse non continet,

    id. de Imp. Pomp. 13, 38:

    Artaxerxes se ipse reprehendit,

    Nep. Dat. 5:

    ipsa se virtus satis ostendit,

    Sall. J. 85; cf.:

    deponendo tutelam ipse in se unum omnium vires convertit,

    Liv. 24, 4, 9:

    deforme etiam est de se ipsum praedicare,

    Cic. Off. 1, 38, 137.—
    (β).
    With special emphasis, ipse is joined to the subject to indicate its relation to itself as both subject and object, though the antithesis would suggest another case (Cic.):

    cum iste sic erat humilis atque demissus, ut non modo populo Romano, sed etiam sibi ipse condemnatus videretur,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 6, 17:

    si quis ipse sibi inimicus est,

    id. Fin. 5, 10, 28:

    qui ipsi sibi bellum indixissent,

    id. ib. 5, 10, 29:

    quoniam se ipsi omnes natura diligant,

    id. ib. 3, 18, 59:

    nam si ex scriptis cognosci ipsi suis potuissent,

    id. de Or. 2, 2, 8.—
    b.
    With object:

    neque vero ipsam amicitiam tueri (possumus), nisi aeque amicos et nosmet ipsos diligamus,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 20, 67:

    omne animal se ipsum diligit,

    id. ib. 5, 9, 24:

    fac ut diligentissime te ipsum custodias,

    id. Fam. 9, 14, 8:

    Pompeianus miles fratrem suum, dein se ipsum interfecit,

    Tac. H. 3, 51:

    Lentulum, quem mihi ipsi antepono,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 7, 5.—
    2.
    Ipse defines the subject of a reflexive pronoun:

    natura movet infantem, sed tantum ut se ipse diligat (where ipse shows that se refers to infantem),

    Cic. Fin. 2, 10, 33: proinde consulant sibi ipsi;

    jubeant abire se,

    Just. 16, 4, 15:

    neque prius vim adhibendam putaverunt, quam se ipse indicasset,

    Nep. Paus. 4:

    in portis murisque sibimet ipsos tecta coëgerat aedificare,

    Liv. 27, 3, 2 (cf. 1. a. supra).—
    3.
    Ipse stands for the reflexive pronoun,
    a.
    Where the person or thing referred to is to be emphatically distinguished from others (class.):

    cum omnes se expetendos putent, nec id ob aliam rem, sed propter ipsos, necesse est ejus etiam partes propter se expeti, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 17, 46:

    quis umquam consul senatum ipsius decretis parere prohibuit?

    id. Sest. 14, 32:

    quos, quidquid ipsis expediat, facturos arbitrabimur,

    id. Fin. 2, 35, 117:

    qui negant se recusare, quo minus, ipsis mortuis, terrarum deflagratio consequatur,

    id. ib. 3, 19, 64:

    nec quid ipsius natura sit intellegit,

    id. ib. 5, 9, 24.—
    b.
    In a subordinate clause, to point out either the subject of the principal clause, or the chief agent or speaker;

    esp. where se or sibi is already applied to the subject of the subordinate clause: ne ob eam rem aut suae magnopere virtuti tribueret aut ipsos despiceret,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 13, 5:

    legatos ad consulem mittit, qui tantum modo ipsi liberisque vitam peterent,

    Sall. J. 16, 2; cf.:

    ipsis mortuis,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 19, 64:

    supra nihil, quantum in ipso est, praetermittere quo minus, etc.,

    id. Leg. 1, 21, 56:

    ipsius,

    id. ib. 2, 22, 55:

    nihil umquam audivi... nihil de re publica gravius, nihil de ipso modestius, i. e. de ipso dicente,

    id. Balb. 1, 2: id quod ipsum adjuvat (i. e. dicentem;

    opp. id quod adversario prodest),

    id. Inv. 1, 21, 30.—
    c.
    In gen., for an emphatic se or sibi (mostly post-Aug.; v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 3, 12, 40):

    nam ipsis certum esse, etc.,

    Liv. 35, 46, 13:

    pravitas consulum discordiaque inter ipsos,

    id. 4, 26, 6:

    inexperta remedia haud injuria ipsis esse suspecta,

    Curt. 3, 5, 15:

    Graecis nuntiare jubet, ipsum quidem gratias agere, etc.,

    id. 3, 8, 7:

    dixit, ab illo deo ipsos genus ducere,

    id. 4, 2, 3:

    a quibus nec acceperunt injuriam nec accepisse ipsos existimant, Sen. de Ira, 2, 5, 1: intemperantiam in morbo suam experti parere ipsis vetant,

    id. ib. 3, 13, 5:

    sciunt ipsos omnia habere communia,

    id. Ep. 6, 3; 22, 10 et saep.; cf.:

    verum est etiam iis, qui aliquando futuri sint, esse propter ipsos consulendum,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 19, 64.—
    4.
    Ipse stands in free constr. with abl. absol. as with finite verb (cf. also quisque;

    only freq. in Liv. and post-Aug. writers): cum dies venit, causa ipse pro se dicta, quindecim milibus aeris damnatur,

    Liv. 4, 44, 10 Weissenb. ad loc.:

    Romani imperatores, junctis et ipsi exercitibus... ad sedem hostium pervenere,

    id. 29, 2, 2:

    C. Popilius, dimissis et ipse Atticis navibus... pergit,

    id. 45, 10, 2; cf.:

    Catilina et Autronius parabant consules interficere, ipsi fascibus conreptis Pisonem cum exercitu mittere,

    Sall. C. 18, 5:

    amisso et ipse Pacoro,

    Tac. G. 37; cf. also the emphatic use of ipse (like quisque) with abl. of gerund (freq. in Liv.):

    adsentando indignandoque et ipse,

    Liv. 40, 23, 1:

    cogendo ipse,

    id. 39, 49, 3:

    agendo ipse,

    id. 41, 24, 2:

    aestimando ipse secum,

    id. 25, 23, 11 et saep.
    ► Ipse is very rarely strengthened by the suffix -met:

    ipsemet abiit,

    Plaut.
    Am. prol. 102:

    ipsimet nobis,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 3:

    ipsemet profugiam,

    Sen. Ep. 117, 21; also Front. Aq. 74 ex conj.— Sup.: Com. Ergo ipsusne es? Charm. Ipsissumus, his own very self, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 146; cf. Gr. autotatos, Aristoph. Plut. 83; so,

    ipsimus and ipsima, for dominus and domina (cf II. A. supra),

    Petr. 75, 11; and:

    ipsimi nostri,

    id. 63, 3 Büch. ex conj.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ipsus

  • 11 suī

        suī (gen.), dat. sibi or sibī, acc. and abl. sē or (more emphatic) sēsē (strengthened sēpse for sē ipse, C.; sēmet, L., H.), sing. and plur, pron. of 3d pers.    [suus].    I. Reflex.    A. Himself, herself, itself, themselves.—Referring to the grammatical subj —Acc., as direct obj: si is posset ab eā sese avellere, T.: per eos, ne causam diceret, se eripuit, Cs.: homo se erexit: se a Gallis auro redemisse, L.: se gerere, to behave: ipse enim se quisque diligit: se ipsum conligere.—With gerundive: ne sui in perpetuum liberandi occasio, Cs.: sui conservandi causā profugere: is sibi legationem ad civitates suscepit, Cs.: propositā sibi morte: Medus infestus sibi, H.: tantos sibi spiritūs sumpserat, Cs.: inimicus ipse sibi putandus est.— Gen obj.: amans sui virtus: dux oblitus sui: potens sui, H.: caecus amor sui, H.: facultatem sui insequendi ademerat, Cs.—Acc. or abl., with praepp.: ducit secum virginem, T.: pro se quisque sedulo Faciebant, each one singly, T.: cum pro se quisque tenderent ad portas, L.: equitatum ante se mittit, Cs.: litterae ad se ab amico missae: exercitus, quantum in se fuit, etc., L.—Referring to a logical subject.—To a definite subject: multis illi in urbibus reficiendi se et curandi potestas fuit: Faustulo spes fuerat regiam stirpem apud se educari, L.: invenere oppidanos vim hostium ab se arcentes, L.—To an indefinite subject, oneself: deforme est de se ipsum praedicare: ut, quanti quisque se ipse faciat, tanti fiat ab amicis.—    B. In dependent clauses, as pers. pron. 3 d pers., with reflex. reference, him, her, it, them, he, she, they.—In gen., referring to the grammatical subject of the principal clause: impetrat a senatu, ut dies sibi prorogaretur: Ubii legatos mittunt, qui doceant... neque ab se fidem laesam, Cs.: in urbibus, quae ad se defecerant, praesidia imposuit, S.— Referring to a logical subject: a regibus litterae, quibus mihi gratias agant, quod se reges appellaverim: cum legati ad eum venissent oratum, ut sibi ignosceret, Cs.—In orat. obliquā, referring to the person whose words are reported: nuntium mittit... sese diutius sustinere non posse, Cs.: non sese Gallis, sed Gallos sibi bellum intulisse, Cs.: dato responso (a Thyrreensibus), nullam se novam societatem accepturos, L.—In subordinate clauses, with subjunct.: qui abs te taciti requirunt, cur sibi hoc oneris imposueris: conclamavit, quid ad se venirent? Cs.: multa pollicens, si se conservasset, N.—With subj. (sub-oblique), expressing the view of the reported speaker: Caesarem iniuriam facere, qui vectigalia sibi deteriora faceret, Cs.: quod nec paratus... obsecutus esset, credidissetque, cum se vidissent Aetoli, omnia, etc., L. —Instead of the proper case of is or ipse (to suggest the point of view of the person referred to): Unum hoc scio, esse meritam, ut memor esses sui, T.: quem Caesar, ut erat de se meritus, donatum pronuntiavit, Cs.: statuit urbīs, quae... adversum se opportunissimae erant, circumvenire, S.: centum boves militibus dono dedit, qui secum fuerant, L.—    C. Idiomatic uses, with ad or apud, to one's house, at home: qui a me petierit ut secum et apud se essem cottidie: Num tibi videtur esse apud sese? in his senses, T.— Dat pleonast., of the person interested, for himself: quid sibi hic vestitus quaerit? T.: mirantes, quid sibi vellet, L.— Colloq., with suus (old): Suo sibi gladio hunc iugulo, his very own, T.—    II. As pron recipr., each other, one another: nuntiatum... patres ac plebem in semet ipsos versos, L.; usu. in the phrase, inter se, one another, each other, mutually, reciprocally: video eos inter se amare, T.: neque solum colent inter se ac diligent: ut neque inter se contingant trabes, Cs.: adhaesiones atomorum inter se: collīs duos propinquos inter se occupat, S.
    * * *
    (gen.) PRON REFLEX
    him/her/it/ones-self; him/her/it; them (selves) (pl.); each other, one another

    Latin-English dictionary > suī

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